Side by side
Pick two or three seeds to see how they grow, side by side: sprouting, spacing, sun, water, frost and pet safety in one table.
Comparing Kale vs. Beefsteak Tomato vs. Artichoke
The comparison
| Fact | | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Difficulty | Easy | Moderate | Challenging |
| Life cycle | Biennial | Annual | Not yet verified |
| Germination time | Not yet verified | 6–12 days | 8–12 days |
| Germination temperature | 4–29 °C39–84 °F | 24–32 °C75–90 °F | 21–26 °C70–79 °F |
| Sowing depth | 6 mm–1.5 cm¼–½ in | 3 mm⅛ in | 6 mm¼ in |
| Spacing between plants | 30–46 cm12–18 in | 46–61 cm1½–2 ft | 46 cm18 in |
| Days to maturity | Not yet verified | 65–90 days from transplanting | Not yet verified |
| Sun | Full sun | Full sun | Full sun |
| Water | Not yet verified | Moderate | Not yet verified |
| Containers | Yes | Yes, 19 L or largerYes, 5 gal or larger | Not yet verified |
| Frost tolerance | Hardy | Tender (no frost) | Not yet verified |
| Soil pH | Not yet verified | pH 5.8–6.8 | pH 6.5–8.0 |
| Links |
Up close
What each one is, in a few lines, with the full growing guide one click away.
VegetablesBrassica oleracea var. sabellica
Kale is a cool-season leafy green that does best in full sun and can be sown outdoors in spring or fall. Mature plants commonly reach about 2 to 4 feet (61 to 122 cm) tall.
How to grow kaleVegetablesSolanum lycopersicum
Beefsteak tomatoes are large-fruited tomatoes grown from seed indoors and moved outside after frost. They need full sun, steady moisture, and a long warm season.
How to grow beefsteak tomatoVegetablesCynara cardunculus var. scolymus
Globe artichokes are large, thistle-like plants grown for their edible flower buds. They need full sun and rich, well-drained soil. Seed results are variable, so many growers start with plants or divisions.
How to grow artichokeKeep comparing
Add a third seed, or swap one for a close relative from the same category.
Kale vs. Acorn SquashKale against another vegetableBeefsteak Tomato vs. Acorn SquashBeefsteak Tomato against another vegetableArtichoke vs. Acorn SquashArtichoke against another vegetable
Kale vs. Armenian CucumberKale against another vegetableBeefsteak Tomato vs. Armenian CucumberBeefsteak Tomato against another vegetableArtichoke vs. Armenian CucumberArtichoke against another vegetableThe table, row by row
Every row is a fact from each seed's own profile, lined up so the differences stand out.
Germination time and temperature
How many days the seeds take to sprout, and the temperature range they sprout in.
Sowing depth and spacing
How deep to sow each seed and how far apart the plants should grow. “On the surface” means the seed isn't covered.
Days to maturity and life cycle
How long until the plant is ready, counted from sowing or from transplanting (each value says which). Annuals live one year, biennials two, perennials longer.
Sun and water
Full sun means 6 or more hours of direct sun a day, partial shade a few hours. Water needs are rated low, moderate or high.
Containers, frost tolerance and soil pH
Whether it grows in a pot, with the smallest pot when it's known. Frost tolerance runs from tender (no frost) to hardy. Soil pH 7 is neutral.
Toxicity to cats and dogs
Whether the plant is toxic to cats and dogs.
Quick wins
Days from sowing until the first shoots appear, in good conditions.
Pet friendly
Listed as non-toxic to both cats and dogs. Each seed's page has the details.
Not safe for pets: borage, buckwheat, caraway, carnation and 14 more.
Comparing
Each seed's page explains how to grow it from seed, with facts researched and reviewed by our editors.
